E. S. Bauer4, M. S. Pichardo3,5, G. Ortega4, M. F. Nunez4, M. A. Spencer3, M. Wooten3, D. D. Tran2, T. M. Fullum2,4 2Howard University College Of Medicine,Department Of Surgery, Center For Wellness And Weight Loss Surgery,Washington, DC, USA 3Howard University College Of Medicine,Washington, DC, USA 4Howard University College Of Medicine,Clive O. Callender Howard-Harvard Health Sciences Outcomes Research Center,Washington, DC, USA 5Yale University,Department Of Chronic Disease Epidemiology,New Haven, CT, USA
Introduction:
As obesity rates grow, bariatric surgery continues to demonstrate itself as an effective treatment for long-term weight loss, contributing to improvements in obesity related diseases. While females make up 80% of all bariatric surgeries, studies show that males have comparable outcomes. Few studies focus solely on the outcomes of Black males and Black females after bariatric surgery. Our aim is to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of bariatric surgery on weight loss and resolution of co-morbidities among Black males and Black females at an urban institution.
Methods:
Retrospective study of patients who underwent bariatric surgery at a single urban academic institution between 2008 to 2016. Data retrieved from medical records included demographic, pre- and post-operative weight, height and co-morbidities (diabetes mellitus type II [DM], hypertension [HTN], and hypercholesterolemia [HC]), and surgical procedures (laparoscopic roux-en y gastric bypass (LRYGB), laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG), and laparoscopic adjustable gastric band (LAGB)). All analysis compared males to females and stratified by surgical procedure. Primary outcomes interested were mean, weight loss, and BMI points loss by 12 months. Secondary outcomes were resolution of co-morbidities by 12 months. Adjusted multivariable regression analysis was performed to assess the relation between gender and outcomes of interest.
Results:
In an analytical sample of 422 black patients, 18% were male (n=74). Mean weight was 349 lbs (standard deviation (SD=76.19) for males and 290 lbs (SD=60.91) for females, and mean BMI for males was 50 kg/m2 (SD=9.21) and 48 kg/m2 (SD=8.99) for females. Among these patients, 43% of males and 32% of females had DM, 69% of males and 47% of females had HTN, and 32% of males and 28% of females had HC. At one year postoperatively, the mean BMI was 39 kg/m2 (SD=9.37) for males and 40 kg/m2 (SD= 4.92) for females. Among these patients, 15% of males and 9% of females had DM, 47% of males and females had HTN, 15% of males and 25% females had HC. There was no statistical significance between male and female outcomes in EWL% (OR=1.89, 95% CI=-6.78-4.46), BMI point difference (OR=3.60, CI=-19.03-26.23), resolution of DM (OR=1.55, CI=0.67-3.57), HTN (OR=1.13, CI=0.62-2.05), and HC (OR=1.87, CI=0.69-5.06).
Conclusion:
Our study demonstrates that there were no differences between Black males and Black females after bariatric surgery with respect to weight loss and resolution of co-morbidities.